Child Development
Thaweesak Siriratrekha, MD., Child and Teenager Psychiatrist
Child Development can be variedly divided into 4 main areas as follows:
1. Physical development consists of gross motor development and fine motor development
2. Cognitive development includes fine motor development and language development.
3. Emotional development
4. Social development contains social development and moral development.
Children in general will have close stages of development. If children have developmental delay of over 6 months, it is considered abnormal which will need urgent intervention and support.
Normal Development of Each Age Range is shown in the table below.
Gross Motor Development At birth Equally bend both sides of legs and arms. 1 month Turn face to left and right directions 2 months Raise neck 4 months Use hand support to rise in a prone position 6 months Lie in prone and supine position by himself 9 months Sit firm, crawl and cling to stand 12 months Cling to walk 15 months Walk alone 18 months Run and bend down to pick things up 2 years Kick a ball, jump with both feet 3 years Go up stairs with alternate steps, 5 years Go down stairs with alternate steps, jump with one leg
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Fine Motor Development At birth Palm reflect action 1 month Firm hand fist 2 months Loose hand fist and keep an eye on something 4 months Reach for objects 6 months Pick up objects with one hand and exchange to the other hand 9 months Grasp small items with fingers. 12 months Pick up items and put them into a cup or a box. 15 months Build 2 stacks of wooden blocks 18 months Build 3 stacks of wooden blocks 2 years Build 6 stacks of wooden blocks 3 years Draw a circle as per a model given4 years Draw a square as per a model given 5 years Draw a triangle as per a model given |
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Language Development Receptive Language Development At birth Differentiate mothers voice and others 1 month-2 months Listen to a person talking to him 4 months Turn to a voice 6 months Turn to a voice while calling his name 9 months Understand facial expressions and gestures 12 months Follow the orders with posture15 months Point to facial parts following the commands 18 months-2 years Point to a picture following the instructions 3 years Recognize 2 colors 4 years Recognize 4 colors 5 years - |
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Language Development Expressive Language Development At birth Cry 1 month Make voices in the throat 2 months Respond with smiles 4 months Babble and laugh 6 months Play with saliva and make voices apart from AW sound 9 months Papa, mama 12 months Babble a single word with meaning. 15 months Babble 2-3 single words with meaning. 18 months Utter many single words (50 words on average) 2 years Say 2-3 consecutive words with meaning, tell his name 3 years Tell a story with half understanding 4 years Tell a story with entire understanding 5 years Count numbers from 1-20
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Social Development At birth Look at faces for a short time 1 month Stare and smile 2 months Give an eye contact 4 months Greet by smiling and show gladness when food or caregiver is present 6 months May show stranger anxiety 9 months Cry when mom is absent, waylay and pick up foods to eat12 months Clap hands, wave hands and Bye Bye! 15 months Hold a cup of water 18 months Pick foods with a spoon 2 years Tell toilet requirement and imitate an adults actions 3 years Realize gender, put on shoes and put off clothes 4 years Play in groups and fasten buttons 5 years Play with rules, role play, realize age and dress alone
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